Science & Research
Astronomer
Astronomers study stars, planets, galaxies and the universe using observations, mathematical models and advanced scientific instruments.
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Science & Research careers
Science and research careers investigate questions, test evidence and apply specialist knowledge across laboratories, fieldwork, industry and public services.
16 careers to explore
Entry routes, skills and progression
Useful subjects
Subjects that appear across Science & Research careers
These subjects appear frequently across the career guides in this pathway. They are useful signals, not fixed requirements for every role.
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Open a career guide to see what the job involves, common ways to get started, useful subjects, skills and possible progression.
Science & Research
Biomedical Scientist
Biomedical Scientists analyse patient samples to diagnose disease, monitor treatment and support healthcare professionals.
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Chemist
Chemists study substances and chemical reactions to develop medicines, materials, consumer products and industrial processes.
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Data Scientist
Data Scientists analyse large datasets using statistics, programming and artificial intelligence to solve complex scientific and business problems.
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Food Scientist
Food Scientists develop, test and improve food products while ensuring they are safe, nutritious, sustainable and meet quality standards.
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Forensic Scientist
Forensic Scientists analyse evidence collected from crime scenes to support criminal investigations and provide expert scientific evidence in court.
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Geneticist
Geneticists study genes and DNA to improve healthcare, agriculture and scientific understanding of inherited characteristics and disease.
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Geologist
Geologists study rocks, minerals and the structure of the Earth to support construction, environmental management, energy and natural resource projects.
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Laboratory Technician
Laboratory Technicians prepare equipment, conduct scientific tests and support researchers by ensuring laboratories operate safely and efficiently.
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Materials Scientist
Materials Scientists develop and test metals, plastics, ceramics and advanced materials used in engineering, healthcare and manufacturing.
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Microbiologist
Microbiologists study bacteria, viruses, fungi and other microorganisms to improve healthcare, food safety and environmental protection.
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Pharmacologist
Pharmacologists study how medicines interact with the body, helping to develop safer and more effective treatments.
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Physicist
Physicists study matter, energy and the fundamental laws of nature to solve scientific problems and develop new technologies.
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Research Scientist
Research Scientists investigate scientific questions by designing experiments, analysing data and developing new knowledge, technologies and products.
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Science Technician
Science Technicians prepare experiments, maintain laboratory equipment and support practical science teaching in schools and colleges.
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Toxicologist
Toxicologists study the effects of chemicals and other substances on humans, animals and the environment to improve safety and public health.
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Related career pathways
These pathways share useful subjects with Science & Research and can be worth comparing.
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